In 2024, solar power surpassed coal in the European Union’s electricity production, signifying a groundbreaking achievement as renewable energy sources now consist of nearly half of the EU’s energy portfolio. The report, released by the energy think tank Ember in its European Electricity Review for 2025, highlighted that solar energy accounted for 11 percent of the EU’s electricity production in 2024, an increase from 9.3 percent in 2023. This milestone marked the first time since 2011 that coal’s contribution dipped below the 10 percent threshold. Meanwhile, wind power held steady as the second-largest power source in the EU, maintaining its role despite a year of less favorable wind conditions. Together, solar and wind power significantly contributed to the rise of renewables, achieving a 47 percent share, up from 34 percent in 2019. This growth was pivotal as fossil-fueled power dropped to a historic low.
Rise of Renewable Energy
The EU’s ambitious European Green Deal has played a crucial role in accelerating the transformation of its power sector, resulting in a significant shift towards renewable energy sources. While nuclear power continues to lead the energy mix, representing 23.7 percent, the remarkable growth of solar and wind energy cannot be overemphasized. Over half of the EU countries have either completely phased out coal usage or have substantially reduced their reliance on it. This shift has led to a decline in gas generation for the fifth consecutive year, with its share falling to 15.7 percent. By consistently reducing dependency on fossil fuels, the EU has demonstrated a strong commitment to mitigating climate change and promoting sustainable energy solutions.
To effectively integrate intermittent renewable sources like solar and wind, the necessity for advanced battery storage technologies has become increasingly apparent. Currently, the bulk of storage capacity is situated in Germany and Italy. These storage solutions are vital in balancing supply and demand, especially during periods of high production and low consumption. By enhancing storage infrastructure, the EU can further stabilize its renewable energy grid, ensuring a steady and reliable power supply. Additionally, the development of demand flexibility measures can also help optimize electricity usage patterns, enabling consumers to take advantage of lower electricity prices during times of energy abundance.
Storage Solutions and Demand Flexibility
The integration of renewable energy is proving beneficial for both consumers and battery operators. For consumers, adjusting energy use to times of surplus supply can lead to lower electricity costs. This demand flexibility not only balances the grid but also maximizes the use of renewable resources. Battery operators benefit by buying excess electricity at lower prices during periods of low demand and selling it during peak times when prices surge. These market dynamics encourage investments in battery storage and smart grid technology, strengthening the EU’s renewable energy infrastructure.
The EU has made significant strides in its transition to renewable energy, with solar power now surpassing coal in electricity production. As the region continues to focus on sustainable energy through progressive policies and technological innovations, it sets a global example. The adoption of advanced energy storage solutions and effective demand flexibility measures will ensure the ongoing growth and reliability of renewable energy sources, reinforcing the EU’s leadership in the global clean energy movement.
