Solar panels and photovoltaics (PVs) are becoming increasingly widespread, contributing to ongoing efforts aimed at decarbonizing electricity production. Solar cells based on perovskites, a class of minerals that can leverage parts of the solar spectrum, have recently achieved highly promising energy conversion efficiencies and stabilities.
Despite these encouraging results, scaling up perovskite solar cells has, so far, proved to be challenging. Typically, their efficiency appears to significantly decline as their surface area increases.
